Definition :-
OR
Artificial Intelligence is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.
OR
Artificial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do
things which, at the moment, people do better. AI attempts not just to understand but also to build intelligent entities.
Foundation and History :-
"AI is Artificial Intelligence till it is achieved, after which the acronym reduces to already implemented. "
Here is a brief history of the disciplines that contributed ideas, view points and techniques to AI :-
1) Philosophy :-
- can formal rules be used to draw valid conclusions?
- how does a mental mind arise from a physical brain?
- where does knowledge come from?
- how does knowledge lead to action?
2) Mathematics :-
- what are the formal rules to draw valid conclusions?
- what can be computed?
- how do we reason with the uncertain information?
3) Economics :-
- how should we make decisions so as to maximize pay off?
- how should we do this when other factors may not go along?
4) Neuro Science :-
- how do brains process INFO?
5) Psychology :-
- how do humans and animals think and act?
6) Computer Engineering :-
- how can be build an efficient computer?
7) Control Theory and Cybernetics :-
- how can artifacts operate under their own control?
8) Linguistics :-
- how does language relate to thought?